Physicists see complex behaviour emerge from simple capacities. Andrew Masterson reports.
Intuition of particle swarm optimization
Flocking behaviour in particles
Scientists found clue to anomalous behaviour of self-propelled particles like fish schools & flocking birds
Flocking Behaviour: Javascript
Particle Flock Motion at Air–Water Interface Driven by Interfacial Free Energy Foraging
Nature Today How birds fly in flocks
FIG. S3: (a) An experimental snapshot showing polar particles flocking
Collective foraging of active particles trained by reinforcement learning
A Gentle Introduction to Particle Swarm Optimization
Emergence – CERN Courier
Two-Dimensional Self-Driven Particles and Flow Patterns
Flights of Fancy American Scientist